Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Review of Literature on Six Sigma in the in Service Sector

Review of Literature on Six Sigma in the in Service sector Mr. Ashokanand Dr. S. Balasubramanian Research Scholar Research Supervisor Anna University Coimbatore Anna University Coimbatore Coimbatore Coimbatore Abstract In the software industry, Hong and Goh [1] address some common misconceptions on the potential of Six Sigma in software, as well as some actual practical challenges. A framework is suggested both for top managers and practitioners and for managers interested in exploiting the benefits of statistical analysis in general, and the Six Sigma statistical process in particular. Six Sigma†¦show more content†¦The company has demonstrated that Six Sigma could lead to higher quality output, increased productivity, and energised employees. Today, records available in the public domain indicate that more than 30,000 employees have been trained in Six Sigma, with plans to complete GreenBelt training for all salaried employees. Globally, over 11,000 projects have closed and more than 12,000 projects are currently underway. Apart from implementing Six Sigma within the organization, 3M has demonstrated the need to assist their customers in developing creative solutions for their business and manufacturing challenges. Hundreds of 3M industrial business-customer Six Sigma projects have been accomplished. Here, three examples are given of a major automotive manufacturer, a well-known food producer, and a leading manufacturer who had quality problems. The automotive manufacturer had a significant challenge with its largest-selling vehicles. 3M assisted in using Six Sigma to provide a cost effective solution in a short time frame. The well-known food producer needed to keep track of the product that its makes and ships. In the event of a product recall, it needed to locate every food item shipped, right down to the hour it left the production line. With the assistance of the 3M Six Sigma project, 3M-developedShow MoreRelatedComparison Of Theoretical Strategies For Business Process Improvement And Successful Change Management Essay2446 Words   |  10 PagesConstruct a fully referenced literature review to compare and contrast theoretical strategies for business process improvement and successful change management. All reports must include references to Six Sigma and Lean. I – INTRODUCTION Over multiple years, humans have evolved in many different ways, allowing them to adapt to their environment. Intellectually or physically mankind has shown facilities to conquer new grounds of reworking themselves towards better outcomes. In the business world,Read MoreSix Sigma and Project Management Literature Review Essay6476 Words   |  26 PagesINTEGRATION OF SIX SIGMA AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT LITERATURE RESEARCH 1. Introduction In todays global business environment, the importance of first-to-market, customer service, cost-competitiveness, and quality are key factors in determining an organizations success, or undesirable failure. Manufacturers, engineering and transactional firms share a drive to lower costs, reduce cycle time and offer a diverse product mix as they pursue higher profits and an increased market share in a growingRead MoreWhat Is Transformational Leadership And Process Improvement Training And Certification Program5008 Words   |  21 Pagesand Process Improvement training and certification program. This dissertation project and training program leverages existing frameworks of the Management and Strategic Institute, Bakke Graduate University Transformational Leadership concepts and Six Sigma methodologies to ensure that transformational leadership concepts were seamlessly integrated, easily recognizable and accredited. This dissertation project has generated revenue close to $1,000 to d ate. CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTIONRead MoreImplementing lean six sigma for process improvement Essay2332 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿IMPLEMENTING LEAN SIX SIGMA FOR PROCESS IMPROVEMENT ILI MARINI BT ZAINAL ABIDIN 1. ABSTRACT Lean Six Sigma approach is recognized widely and has been implemented predominately in manufacturing rather than other industries. To illustrate the point, this paper draws attention to the adoption of Lean Six Sigma in various industries with a case study. The combination of Lean tools and Six Sigma methodology is used to improve the process and quality by eliminating the variations andRead MoreEvaluating and Improving Hr Practices Within an Organization3146 Words   |  13 Pagesemploy innovative concepts from modern personnel management literature, such as Six Sigma (http://muse.jhu.edu/cgi-bin/access.cgi?uri=/journals/portal_libraries_and_the_academy/v003/3.1raschke.html ). This paper discuss various methodologies that large corporations, government agencies and even the U.S. military are using to improve their HR practices within their respective organizations. Utilizing Six Sigma in HR Practices Six Sigma is defined as a rigorous and disciplined methodology that utilizesRead MoreSummer Internship Report on Madura Garments6439 Words   |  26 PagesProject Report On Improving Service Level for Institutional Sales SUBMITTED FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT (PGDIM) By Puneet Verma Roll No. 105 PGDIM – 18 Under the guidance of [pic] National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE), Vihar Lake, P.O. NITIE, Mumbai 400 087 Date of Submission: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Read MoreSummer Internship Report on Madura Garments6431 Words   |  26 PagesProject Report On Improving Service Level for Institutional Sales SUBMITTED FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT (PGDIM) By Puneet Verma Roll No. 105 PGDIM – 18 Under the guidance of [pic] National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE), Vihar Lake, P.O. NITIE, Mumbai 400 087 Date of Submission: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Certificate of Supervision Read MoreThe Theory Of Constraints, Lean Manufacturing And Six Sigma2358 Words   |  10 Pagesthe existing system are developed further in to easier way. The main objective of this project is to study, investigate and compare the potentials of lean, six sigma and theory of constraints when applied in an integrated way in productive systems. The results of this study suggest that the Theory of Constraints, Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma have many similar quality elements that overlap the different points and there is a big space of research to be explored on this issue. The overarching premiseRead MoreStudy On Lean Manufacturing And Its Outcomes Essay1652 Words   |  7 Pagesfinancial services can benefit from adopting lean philosophy. As long as a company can identify a value stream, from when the customer order product to when they receive it. Seven Types of Wastes in Lean Manufacturing Lean Manufacturing focuses on seven types of wastes which are below - 1. Waiting Time spent waiting for items required to complete a task (i.e. Information, Material, Supplies, and Instruction etc. 2. Unnecessary Motion Any motion that does not add value to a product or service 3. OverRead MoreEnhancing Product Flow Using Theory Of Constraints And Lean Essay5012 Words   |  21 Pagesbe enhanced using various methodologies like Theory of constraints and Lean manufacturing. It also talks about the overlapping of Toc and Lean With agile manufacturing and the integration of Toc, Lean and Six sigma in the conclusion. Keywords: Theory of constraints, Lean, Agile, Six Sigma INTRODUCTION The world is growing leaps and bounds when it comes to business compared to the previous years and it continues to see this growth in the future years. Globalisation has played a major role

Monday, December 23, 2019

Effects of Technological Advancements on Health - 976 Words

Technology: Effects of Technological Advancements on Health â€Å"Estimated 7–10 billion medical tests are performed each year. Test results play a critical role in health assessment, influencing the majority of medical decisions.† (Hyattsville 2) Ever since the 1800s, scientists have been able to look and study different diseases to find ways to cure people. Scientists create new technological advancements to fight these diseases. Ever since then the race to create technological advancements started more and more technological advancements are created. These technological advancements have a great impact on our health and have many causes and effects. To what effect do technological advancements affect our health? History Throughout history, technology has changed the way we survive. As technological advancements progress more diseases can be treated and eradicated. One company found that technological progress increases, not decreases. According to the Engineering Systems Division in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, technological progress increases â€Å"square root of the logarithmic error growing linearly with the forecasting horizon at a typical rate of 2.5% per year†.( McNerney J, ect Para. 2 ) The technological progressions are influenced by health and millions of people have been cured due to new technology. Historically, people would attempt to cure illnesses by magic or bloodletting, which did not stop the disease. Throughout the history of medicalShow MoreRelatedHistorical Perspectives Of Health Care Delivery System926 Words   |  4 PagesTechnological advances Technology has been advancing every day, which has tremendous effects on the lifestyle of people. People are dependent on technology, and as a lifestyle of people change, a demand of advance technology grows. Technological advancement has both positive and negative effects, for instance, benefits of technological advancement are time saving, increases the production, simplifies the communication, improved the health care and education and others. On the other hand, technologyRead MoreThe Effects Of New Technology On The Agricultural Sector Of Dairy Farming Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pagesindustry process, addressed to Associate Professor Bridges. Technological advancement has transformative effects within the agricultural sector of dairy farming in New Zealand. This review will be looking specifically at the effects of new technology which could revolutionise milking on dairy farms through the use of robots milking cows in situ in the paddocks. To explore the change issues related to this, this review explores its potential effects on labourers within the farming sector, farm managingRead MoreTechnology Advancements895 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment to several necessary and desired advancements in technology over the next ten years that could affect El Arco and the world as well. My business partners and I have decided to invest a large percentage of our working capital in technology. We have hired someone to research the possible technological advances for the future so that we can decide which companies we want to invest our money in. Technology Advancements in the Future and El Arco Introduction Read MoreUnbridled Technology1083 Words   |  5 Pagesnonstop communication anywhere at any time. But are these technological advancements a good thing? The youth of today are constantly immersed in these technological advancements whether through cell phones, gaming systems, or laptops. 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These effects are positive, negative or sometimes even both. Technology impacts everything, but it has a large impact on the future of the en vironment, education, our health and jobs. The future of technology is moving at an electric rate; it has our communities wondering if we can keep up. Technological advancements rapidly growing can leave society in a difficult place that could potentially destroy the worldRead MorePositives And Negatives Of Technology1037 Words   |  5 Pagesstudents to learn from home. Technology and health information are connected through patients researching information online about their health. This is crucial because there s risk that involve patient security, but health electronic records make it easier for employees to keep up with patient records. In order for us to determine how technology should be integrated in our lives, we have to analyze the positives and negatives that come with a technological advanced future. Technology is changingRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On Patient Care957 Words   |  4 Pagestwenty-first century as it continues to improve everyday life. Technological benefits have expanded into the healthcare setting and has greatly impacted the medical field. Specifically looking at the nurse’s role, technology has eased interdisciplinary communication, accurate documentation, and reduced medical errors-at least that is the idea. Since a large portion of the nursing population was neither raised nor educated with technological knowledge, this raises a very interesting question. In acuteRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology and its Effects The term technology originated from the Greek word ‘technologia’. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used as factorsRead MoreEngineered Nanoparticles: A Cause for Responsible Innovation Essay916 Words   |  4 Pagesand major innovative force amongst the scientific community, and the increasing incorporation of engineered nanoparticles into consumer products has presented very real health and environmental risks. A growing public debate has arisen weighing the societal induced benefits against the potentially adverse ecotoxicological effects this technology may impose upon humans as well as the surrounding environm ent. Unfortunately, there remains significant scientiï ¬ c uncertainty regarding the behaviour of

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Mcgregors Theories X and Y Free Essays

Compare McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y style of leadership and consider the types of organizations in which each style of leadership might be most appropriate. Douglas McGregor devised his concept of Theory X and Theory Y in the USA in the 1950’s using a survey of managers, which he then proposed in his book, ‘The Human Side of Enterprise’ in the 1960’s. Theory X states that a manager distrusts his subordinates, believes they don’t enjoy work and therefore must be controlled. We will write a custom essay sample on Mcgregors Theories X and Y or any similar topic only for you Order Now Theory Y, on the other hand, speculates that a manager believes their employees enjoy work and wish to contribute, the manager is therefore more likely to include them in the decision making process and employ a more democratic style of leadership (Marcousse 2003). The two theories are not opposite ends of one spectrum, but rather two separate lines of continuum that describes the attitude and perception a manager has of their employees. The type of motivation that the employees receive from their manager is down to their management style. These Theories match up with Maslow’s ‘Hierarchy of Needs’. McGregor makes the point that the way in which a manager runs and controls his team has massive impacts on the happiness in employees, relating to esteem and self actualisation. These are two factors of motivation mentioned by Maslow in his theory. In comparing these two theories, X and Y, we must take into account different factors that may affect the two ideas and how they may do so in different scenarios or places of work. The general idea is that Theory Y is the path of the â€Å"enlightened manager† (Chapman 1995) who runs a democratic form of leadership, and that it receives better results than theory X, whose manager employs more of an autocratic dictatorship. However this cannot always be believed. In different cases a manager may do better in his work to tell employees the best and most effective way to complete a task, knowing through experience. FW Taylor (1856-1917) believed in efficiency and complete control of a task provided to the manager. This idea related to such methods as the assembly line, a process broken down into simple tasks and completed individually by a group of workers along a line. Employed by such companies as Ford in the early 1900’s, in producing cars, this method gave great results, however keeping workers motivated was difficult, part of Taylor’s method was to â€Å"devise a pay scheme to reward those who complete or beat tough output targets, but penalize those who cannot, or will not, achieve the productivity Taylor believed was possible. (pg 218) For the manager, Theory X is a self – fulfilling method, the workers are likely to develop a lack in interest in their work and do it solely for the wage (Marcousse 2003). There are two scenarios in which Theory X can escape a degree of criticism for producing a lack of motivation from its workers(Marcousse 2003). The part time worker has partially already given in to the idea that they will not be receiving much independence and del egation of responsibility. This is due to the amount of time they have committed to their work. For example, a part time security guard might be asked to stand guard on a gate for an hour every morning to let personnel through, however once they have completed this task they are unlikely to achieve much more than changing the channel on their TV. The job simply requires a pair of eyes at one point in the morning, and the rest of the time they are simply on call. There is no enjoyment or form of learning with this job; the part time worker is simply there to take home some money at the end of the month, satisfying his basic needs for financial security, a mutual understanding between employer and employee. A large majority of the time there is little for the security guard to watch over. When something does arise that requires more attention, someone of higher authority is only a phone call away. In this, theory X is the logical management style, as to use theory Y would mean a greater chance of mistakes being made by someone who doesn’t have the same experience and qualifications as the elected official. The other scenario is in a moment of chaos (Marcousse 2003). At this point, due to the limited time scale in such moments, someone needs to take full control and make quick decisive decisions. Such a case is easily understood when put into the confines of an army unit under fire. Someone must give direct orders to keep the enemy under pressure and move their men to safety, or face either death or capture. Theory Y would consume too much time to listen to all possible ideas and make a decision, with young men who have been trained to take orders rather than come up with them. Efficiency is the key in this scenario, Taylor would be completely right in giving total control to a senior soldier to try and ensure the safety of his soldiers. Encouraging an employee to work for a great amount of time during the week or without the threat of danger How to cite Mcgregors Theories X and Y, Essay examples

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Case Management free essay sample

While the case manager is responsible for the process of treatment, the ultimate outcome lies with the client. Case management was developed in the late 1960’s early 1970’s by mental health and social service workers to provide services to the criminal justice population (Case Management in the Criminal Justice System, 1999). The primary purpose of case management is to enable juveniles to use their natural strengths and resources to achieve their goals. Since family is a fundamental element of a young persons support system, they are also included in the treatment process. Family members need just as much help as the juveniles most times. However, there are other key factors in the process of reducing juvenile delinquency. Such as, juvenile courts, schools, police, and community- based programs. Case management is defined as ways to utilize resources geared toward meeting the needs of its clients. Case management is multi-faceted. The process of treatment includes: accessing client needs, finding services, developing a plan of care, monitoring client progress, modifying the treatment plan as needed, and being there with them through every step of the way(Wraparound, N/A). The main objective is to improve the functioning of the juvenile by providing quality services in an efficient manner; the goals are to guide the juvenile and their family through the course of service providers (Case Management in the Criminal Justice System, 1999). By empowering juveniles to use their strengths and resources, the system hopes to reduce recidivism and relapse (Roberts, 2004). The three models of case management are: strength-based, assertive, and mixed model. Each model has its own approach in how is used. The first model discussed is strength-based which was introduced in the 1980s. Typically, this model begins with an assessment of the individuals strengths that can be used to face the problems they are facing. This model is passive and is based on the premise that the client will recognize their own strengths and build on them through treatments and service plans (Case Management in the Criminal Justice System, 1999). Even when they are opposed to help they possess a psychological self wisdom that can cause them to discover for themselves their inner strengths. This will help to make significant improvements in facing lifes challenges. The second model discussed of case management is the assertive model. This approach is more aggressive. When this model of care is used, the majority of services are provided outside of an office setting and they will even go as far as finding them at their homes or in neighborhoods (Roberts, 2004). As a result, an emphasis is placed on outreach and relationship building through the communities. The third model is the mixed model which is a combination of the other two models. This approach is for the case manager to take on a therapeutic role. This model is the most common of the three models because it allows the case manager to better deal with the individual personalities and needs of their clients. Each juvenile is different and requires different service that others may not require. Case management does not just require education and counseling. There are six basic elements that will support a successful juvenile justice case management: Case assessment and classification, Case planning, Performance of services, Monitoring and enforcement of supervision and treatment, Recordkeeping, and case closure. These elements are exactly how they sound. It is a process that has different steps to achieve the highest success goals. The first part case assessment and classification is trying to figure out the youth’s position based on his needs to find the right resources to help the individual overcome. The second element is case planning. This part is when the individual’s needs are planned out based on the situation he/she was in and figuring out the fix it plan. The third part is performance of services. This entails which plan will be best based on the youths needs. I say this because each case may be similar but will require different training to help the individual succeed. The fourth part of the process is Monitoring and enforcement of supervision and treatment. I see this as being the trial and error. The individual is watched starting day zero and is continued to look at while participating. This will help to see if the individual is changing for the good or is there another approach that might help them succeed more. The fifth part is recordkeeping. This is where everything the individual goes through is documented to see where the individuals is improving throughout the process and where they might not be improving. The last part is case closure. This part either is where a celebration is made for the individual or where they say the individual might need more assistance to help him/her get to the celebration phase (Roberts, 2004). All parties involved with a certain case need to work together weather they work in the same place or not. The individual’s outcome is not only is their hands, but it is also in the hands of the case manager. The process needs to be captured before, during, and after. This will help the case manager with every step of the process to rehabilitate the individuals where they do not relapse. To stop a problem before it starts or so a juvenile does not go down the wrong track again. Intensive monitoring is a must for clients with substance abuse problems. and may consist of frequent drug or alcohol testing (Case Management in the Criminal Justice System, 1999) . Over time, more responsibility for avoiding relapse should be given to the client, therefore, less monitoring may be required. The process of evaluation ensures that the plan for the individuals is being followed. Reports from service providers and family members as well as program attendance and recidivism are factors that can be used to determine the success of treatment. There are other factors that can also be used to determine the success of the care plan. The quality of service delivery is a main part to have success. Knowing someone is there for them can mean the world to some of the individuals. It wasnt until the early 1900s that there was an issue with juveniles and mental health cases. This led to the creation of the Child Guidance Movement. From this movement came the creation of clinics which collaborated with the juvenile courts to provide much needed help to both troubled juveniles and their families (Roberts, 2004. Although there seems to be a lack of trained mental health professionals in the juvenile justice system, there are a number of screening tools that can be useful even for untrained staff. The Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument and the Brief Symptom Inventory (Case Management in the Criminal Justice System, 1999) are tools used to measure distress and psychological symptoms of youth entering the system. Parents, teachers, juvenile courts and other service providers are a valuable source of background information regarding problems or symptoms the juvenile may be experiencing. Because of the valuable information each source can provide, they are an important part of the treatment team. Various studies have led to some clear cut methods of reducing delinquency and alleviating the symptoms of mental illness among juveniles. Among these methods are the effective treatment approaches. These approaches are best when used with at- risk juveniles who have yet to become involved with the juvenile justice system. They also need to take place at more than one level and address all of the risk factors. The contraindicated treatment approaches include adult facilities, boot camps and incarceration (Case Management in the Criminal Justice System, 1999). According to some research, these methods may actually make matters worse for the juvenile and their families (Case Management in the Criminal Justice System, 1999). It has been found that incarcerating juvenile in adult facilities only serves to turn them into smarter criminals. Likewise, boot camps not only lack adequate treatment opportunities, they can also become a source of stress and prevent progress. The fight to reduce juvenile delinquency has, over time, involved numerous community-based strategies. One of the most widely recognized of these programs is the Chicago Area Project. Established in 1929, the aim of this program is the prevention of juvenile delinquency by improving life within the community. In order to facilitate these changes, the program recognizes that each community has resources to solve its own problems. Community organizing, direct services and advocacy are used to empower communities and their natural leaders to work together to improve life within the neighborhood. By using neighborhood centers, recreational facilities, or educational centers, the project is working to empower formerly impoverished neighborhoods to develop leaders within the community, assess needs and develop plans to meet these needs, improve the educational and vocational skills of local youth, demonstrate financial independence, and create a network of agencies to meet the needs of the community (About Chicago Area Project) . Currently, the project is using a number of programs to fight delinquency in what can be considered delinquent neigborhoods. Founded in 1961, the New York City Mobilization for Youth has become the model for several federally funded youth programs (Roberts, Mobilization for Youth, 2004) . While geared toward low income minority groups living in slum neighborhoods, this project continues to serve a diverse population of New York residents. Like the Chicago Area Project, it is a collection of action programs with an emphasis on improving areas of life such as community organization, education, employment, and group service. Yet another delinquency prevention project was Bostons Midcity Project. Created in the 1950s, this project served the lower-class neighborhoods of Boston (Roberts, Bostons Midcity Project (1954-1957), 2004) . This project adopted a total community approach and was aimed at improving three specific areas of life: the family, the gang, and the community. An emphasis was put on working with gangs. The Midcity project was unique among the other juvenile projects in that it used professional social workers, each worker was assigned to one particular group and worked with that group for an extended period of time. Workers also had regular access to psychiatric professionals. Bostons Midcity Project an evaluation of the program showed results that do not set standards. In fact only one area showed any improvement-school oriented behavior. Other areas such as major offenses among young males showed the largest increase. Because it did not deliver the desired results, the project ended in 1957 (Case Management in the Criminal Justice System, 1999) (Roberts, 2004). To close an Army Physical Training formation there are three easy steps. Attention, Assemble to the right, march, and fall out. I continue to compare the army with case management. At the end of the road with a case it should be smooth from dealing with all the previous steps beforehand. With the right commands and the correct heart these individuals can lead a successful life to become great mothers, fathers, sisters, brothers, and overall good people. Remember, time is not of the essence when dealing with case management. It is a step by step process that when ran correctly has good endings.

Friday, November 29, 2019

My Side Of The Mountain Essays (837 words) - My Side Of The Mountain

My Side Of The Mountain My Side of the Mountain By Jean Craighead George Sam Gribley is tired of living in a crowded New York City apartment with his dad,mom and 8 brothers and sisters, so he runs away looking for his Great-grandfather Gribley's land in the Catskill Mountain wilderness. The Gribley land had not been inhabited by any Gribley's for around 100 years. Sam hitched rides trying to get to the farm. Sam thought he prepared himself for this adventure by reading books in the New York City public library about how to survive on the land. No one in his family took his plans seriously though. With only a penknife, a ball of cord, forty dollars, and some flint and steel, he relied on his own ingenuity and the resources of the land to survive. Sam arrived in the Catskill's and went to the Delhi library to find information about Gribley's farm. A nice librarian found information that was very old, this helped Sam find the farm. This was the beginning of Sam's great adventure. On his great-grandfather's farm he learns how to survive. At first he struggles to make a fire, then he had trouble whittling wooden fishing hooks to catch fish, but he ended up perfecting the hooks and catching a few fish. He quickly realizes that he needs shelter; just building and staying around a campfire won't do, so he decides to set a fire inside a hemlock tree and hollow himself out a room. Here he builds himself a little hidden home in the forest. His tree home consists of a hidden door made of deerskin, a bed and a fireplace to keep him warn in winter. People come to the forest and are all around him, but they never discover him in his tree home. He struggled every day to find food, only to find that frog legs and turtle soup aren't bad food. He also ate wild onions, acorns, apples, wild strawberries, and sometimes rabbit that he manages to catch in some traps he had built. He finally spots a falcon and decides to catch one of it's babies in the hopes that he can train the falcon. The falcon can then help him catch food. The falcon he caught he name Frightful, because it was very frightening when the falcon's mother tried to attack him, to keep him from getting her baby. Sam spent many days training the falcon. After Frightful became trained she was able to catch many small animals and provide them with food. Sam also struggles with providing himself with clothing. Fortunately for him, a hunter killed a deer in the woods and Sam got to it first and hid it. Later Sam came back for it and eventually made himself a pair of pants from its hide along with eating its meat. This happened a couple of other times so that Sam was able to also make himself a shirt and a blanket from deerskin. All the while, no one realized that Sam lived in the forest. Sam eventually makes a friend he calls Bando, who turns out to be an English professor who had gone exploring in the woods. Bando stays with Sam for the summer and told him he would return at Christmas time. Sam really struggled during the winter, he prepared by storing nuts in another tree close by and then by cutting plenty of firewood And survive he does with only the animals to talk to and Frightful for companionship. Around Christmas time, his friend Bando returns. This time Bando told him that there had been stories circulating in New York City about a wild boy living alone in the forest, but no one could prove it. The stories became huge rumors, newspapermen were poking around the woods trying to find the wild boy. Sam's father realized from the newspaper that it must be Sam they were talking about, so he decided to look for Sam. He finally found Sam and ended up spending Christmas in the forest with Sam, Bando, and Frightful. After Sam's dad left to return to New York City, a newspaperman named Matt Spelling came poking around the forest looking for the wild boy. Matt

Monday, November 25, 2019

Learn about the Doppler Effect

Learn about the Doppler Effect Astronomers study the light from distant objects in order to understand them. Light moves through space at 299,000 kilometers per second, and its path can be deflected by gravity as well as absorbed and scattered by clouds of material in the universe. Astronomers use many properties of light to study everything from planets and their moons to the most distant objects in the cosmos.   Delving into the Doppler Effect One tool they use is the Doppler effect. This is a shift in the frequency or wavelength of radiation emitted from an object as it moves through space. Its named after Austrian physicist Christian Doppler who first proposed it in 1842.   How does the Doppler Effect work? If the source of radiation, say a star, is moving toward an astronomer on Earth (for example), then the wavelength of its radiation will appear shorter (higher frequency, and therefore higher energy). On the other hand, if the object is moving away from the observer then the wavelength will appear longer (lower frequency, and lower energy). You have probably experienced a version of the effect when you heard a train whistle or a police siren as it moved past you, changing pitch as it passes by you and moves away. The Doppler effect is behind such technologies as police radar, where the radar gun emits light of a known wavelength. Then, that radar light bounces off a moving car and travels back to the instrument. The resulting shift in wavelength is used to calculate the speed of the vehicle. (Note: it is actually a double shift as the moving car first acts as the observer and experiences a shift, then as a moving source sending the light back to the office, thereby shifting the wavelength a second time.) Redshift When an object is receding (i.e. moving away) from an observer, the peaks of the radiation that are emitted will be spaced farther apart than they would be if the source object were stationary. The result is that the resulting wavelength of light appears longer. Astronomers say that it is shifted to the red end of the spectrum. The same effect applies to all bands of the electromagnetic spectrum, such as radio, x-ray or gamma-rays. However, optical measurements are the most common and are the source of the term redshift. The more quickly the source moves away from the observer, the greater the redshift. From an energy standpoint, longer wavelengths correspond to lower energy radiation. Blueshift Conversely, when a source of radiation is approaching an observer the wavelengths of light appear closer together, effectively shortening the wavelength of light. (Again, shorter wavelength means higher frequency and therefore higher energy.) Spectroscopically, the emission lines would appear shifted toward the blue side of the optical spectrum, hence the name blueshift. As with redshift, the effect is applicable to other bands of the electromagnetic spectrum, but the effect is most often times discussed when dealing with optical light, though in some fields of astronomy this is certainly not the case. Expansion of the Universe and the Doppler Shift Use of the Doppler Shift has resulted in some important discoveries in astronomy. In the early 1900s, it was believed that the universe was static. In fact, this led Albert Einstein to add the cosmological constant to his famous field equation in order to cancel out the expansion (or contraction) that was predicted by his calculation. Specifically, it was once believed that the edge of the Milky Way represented the boundary of the static universe. Then, Edwin Hubble found that the so-called spiral nebulae that had plagued astronomy for decades were not nebulae at all. They were actually other galaxies. It was an amazing discovery and told astronomers that the universe  is much larger than they knew. Hubble then proceeded to measure the Doppler shift, specifically finding the redshift of these galaxies. He found that that the farther away a galaxy is, the more quickly it recedes. This led to the now-famous Hubbles Law, which says that an objects distance is proportional to its speed of recession. This revelation led Einstein to write that his addition of the cosmological constant to the field equation was the greatest blunder of his career. Interestingly, however, some researchers are now placing the constant back into general relativity. As it turns out Hubbles Law is only true up to a point since research over the last couple of decades has found that distant galaxies are receding more quickly than predicted. This implies that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. The reason for that is a mystery, and scientists have dubbed the driving force of this acceleration dark energy. They account for it in the Einstein field equation as a cosmological constant  (though it is of a different form than Einsteins formulation). Other Uses in Astronomy Besides measuring the expansion of the universe, the Doppler effect can be used to model the motion of things much closer to home; namely the dynamics of the Milky Way Galaxy. By measuring the distance to stars and their redshift or blueshift, astronomers are able to map the motion of our galaxy and get a picture of what our galaxy may look like to an observer from across the universe. The Doppler Effect  also allows scientists to measure the pulsations of variable stars, as well as motions of particles traveling at incredible velocities inside relativistic jet streams emanating from supermassive black holes. Edited and updated by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Friday, November 22, 2019

Meaning of the The Handsomest Drowned Man In The World Essay

Meaning of the The Handsomest Drowned Man In The World - Essay Example Marquez has effectively used this story to explain how the arrival of a dead body on the beach of a small village stimulates the aesthetic and creative senses of the inhabitants of those village. This means that the washed up man had the qualities of a hero due to which the villagers get inspired by his beauty so much that they decide to restore their houses, build up their village, and demand beauty themselves. The story tells how a drowned man who was once hidden and nothing to world, ultimately inspires an entire village to live creatively and strive for a better life. The story is basically about a man who drowns in the water owing to ill fate, dies, and later his seaweed covered body appears on the beach of a small village. Initially, the children play with the poor corpse until the elders find the body and decide to give him a proper funeral after which the body must be thrown into the sea, as a custom. This man is named Esteban by the villagers later, who appear to be excessiv ely awed and astounded by Esteban’s manly features and overwhelming perfection of face. Even the villagers’ wives take a liking to the beauty of Esteban’s body and start comparing his beauty with their husbands’, due to which the men show disapproval for the mysterious man.